Activity 2 – The Importance of Preserving Wolastoqey Latuwewakon and Mi’kmaw

“There’s a spirit that travels with that song,” Paul said in an interview from his home in Miramichi, N.B. “And I know that because people tell me themselves, it’s like testimonies, they come to me and tell me, ‘That song saved my life.'”

Now a respected elder from Metepenagiag, the idea for the song first came to Paul as a young man on a spiritual fast in the 1970s. It is performed with the accompaniment of drums at all manner of different gatherings — from celebratory pow-wows to mournful marches for missing and murdered Indigenous women and girls.

“It’s a very powerful message, really. Honour who we are as a human family, help one another. Help one another in a manner that the creator has given us here on Mother Earth. There is only one.”

Paul said he’s pleased with the impact his song has made over the decades, and with the opportunities he’s had to share it with different audiences. He’s recorded the song’s chants with Symphony Nova Scotia, and a book about the song is part of Nova Scotia’s treaty education curriculum.

“How a Mi’kmaw song ended up on an album by world-renowned cellist Yo-Yo Ma” Taryn Grant (CBC) (https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/nova-scotia/mi-kmaq-honour-song-yo-yo-ma-jeremy-dutcher-1.6202889)

‘Deep listening’: How Jeremy Dutcher crafted his fascinating Polaris Prize-winning album
Sean Brocklehurst · CBC News · Posted: Sep 18, 2018, 3:58 PM ET
https://www.cbc.ca/news/indigenous/national-jeremy-dutcher-interview-polaris-prize-wolastoq-1.4820825

Jeremy Dutcher’s first words after learning he’d won the Polaris Music Prize were yelled out in his traditional Wolastoqey language. “Psiw-te npomawsuwinuwok, kiluwaw yut! All of my people, this is for you!”

When Dutcher, who is from Tobique First Nation (Neqotkuk), switched to English, his words were measured, focused, and sent a strong message to the crowd packed inside The Carlu Theatre in Toronto […].

“Canada, you are in the midst of an Indigenous renaissance. Are you ready to hear the truths that need to be told? Are you ready to see the things that need to be seen?”

Dutcher’s debut album, Wolastoqiyik Lintuwakonawa, was selected for the prestigious Polaris prize as the Canadian album of the year based on artistic merit.

He used his moment in the spotlight to emphatically remind people why he made the album, a fusion of his own operatic interpretations of traditional songs sung entirely in the Wolastoq language.

“To do this record in my language and have it witnessed not just by my people, but every nation from coast to coast, up and down Turtle Island — we’re at the precipice of something. It feels like it,” he said.

“I do this work to honour those who have gone before, and I lay the footwork for those who have yet to come. This is all a continuum of Indigenous excellence, and you are here to witness it.”

A Labour of Love

“This record is a culmination of five years of work, of research, of community engagement, of recording,” Dutcher told CBC’s The National in a recent interview.

The classically trained operatic tenor and composer from the Tobique First Nation (Neqotkuk) in New Brunswick studied 110-year-old wax cylinder recordings of his ancestors from the Canadian Museum of History, which later became the inspiration for the album.

“When I first got to hear these voices, that work for me was a profoundly transformational moment in my life. It was a process of deep listening — to sit there with these headphones and really hear what these voices had to tell me.”

Dutcher spent weeks inside the museum, meticulously transcribing the recordings once collected by William H. Mechling. The anthropologist lived among Dutcher’s ancestors for seven years in the early 1900s, capturing the songs and voices of the community on wax phonograph cylinders.

Dutcher says he wanted the album cover to represent that process.

“When you look at the album cover you can see wax cylinders on the floor, which were what these recordings were collected on, using the phonograph machine in the middle there. And I’m seated in the chair with this traditional jacket on, I wanted to represent that time that these songs were collected.”

Dutcher adds that he was “very, very fortunate to have a music education and to be able to transcribe what I was hearing, and to write it down, and to be able to take that away and create my own music based on these melodies.”

He adds, “It [the recorded material] is not doing any good sitting on a shelf collecting dust. It has to be with the people.”

Preserving Language

Armed with a notebook filled with transcripts, Dutcher began writing musical arrangements around them, breathing new life into traditional Wolastoq [sic] songs. It’s a language now fluently spoken by fewer than 100 people, and one his own mother was punished for speaking while growing up.

“She went into the church-run day schools at a very young age, when she was six years old. You weren’t allowed to speak your language there. In fact, you were physically punished if you did. And the elders knew this, and so they said it’s better if we just don’t speak to the kids in the language.”

“So, I think the shame that she felt in those schools, that was sort of relayed down from generation to generation. And so that is why I turned to the archive [of recordings]. I think it’s important for people to understand a true history of what has actually happened, and what continues to happen in this country, around the systematic devaluing of Indigenous languages and cultures.”

Dutcher says his generation needs to understand the importance of their Indigenous languages.

“If the younger generation doesn’t start to reclaim and revitalize our language, we’re going to lose it forever. When I came into a better understanding of my language, I started to understand my place in the world a little bit better and started to relate the world around me differently.”

“I think for me, what this project allowed me to do was to sit down with my mother and my elders in my community and ask them about their lives. To say, ‘what was your experience of music growing up? What did your community sound like growing up?’ And understanding that the circle was never broken. That we’re all just part of one continuous artistic lineage of Wolastoq [sic] song carriers.”

After five years of work on Wolastoqiyik Lintuwakonawa, Dutcher says he’s not finished with the project. The young composer is ready to take it to an entirely different stage.

“For me, the journey is not yet complete. There are still so many stories to share. I hear symphonies in 2019, 2020. See you there!”